Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot O92784 (NCAP_I97A1)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Nucleoprotein
Alternative name(s):
    Nucleocapsid protein
      Short name=Protein N

Gene names

Name:

NP

Organism

Influenza A virus (strain A/Hong Kong/156/1997 H5N1 genotype Gs/Gd) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

130763 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Viruses › ssRNA negative-strand viruses › Orthomyxoviridae › Influenzavirus A

Virus host

Aves [TaxID: 8782]
Homo sapiens (Human) [TaxID: 9606]
Felis silvestris catus (Cat) [TaxID: 9685]
Panthera pardus (Leopard) [TaxID: 9691]
Panthera tigris (Tiger) [TaxID: 9694]
Sus scrofa (Pig) [TaxID: 9823]

Protein attributes

Sequence length	498 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is not processed.
Protein existence	Evidence at transcript level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Encapsidates the negative strand viral RNA, protecting it from nucleases. The encapsidated genomic RNA is termed the ribonucleoprotein (RNP) and serves as template for transcription and replication. The RNP needs to be localized in the nucleus to start an infectious cycle, but is too large to diffuse through the nuclear pore complex. NP comprises at least 2 nuclear localization signals and is responsible of the active RNP import into the nucleus through the cellular importin alpha/beta pathway. Later in the infection, nucleus export of RNP are mediated through viral proteins NEP interacting with M1 which binds nucleoproteins. It is possible that the nucleoprotein binds directly exportin-1 (XPO1) and plays an active role in RNP nuclear export. M1 interaction with RNP seems to hide nucleoprotein's nuclear localization signals. Soon after a virion infects a new cell, M1 dissociates from the RNP under acidification of the virion driven by M2 protein. Dissociation of M1 from RNP unmask nucleoprotein's nuclear localization signals, targeting the RNP to the nucleus By similarity.
Subunit structure	Homomultimerizes to form the nucleocapsid. May bind human exportin-1. Binds to viral genomic RNA. Protein-RNA contacts are mediated by a combination of electrostatic interactions between positively charged residues and the phosphate backbone and planar interactions between aromatic side chains and bases By similarity.
Subcellular location	VirionPotential. Nucleus.
Post-translational modification	Late in virus-infected cells, may be cleaved from a 56-kDa protein to a 53-kDa protein by a cellular caspase. This cleavage might be a marker for the onset of apoptosis in infected cells or have a specific function in virus host interaction By similarity.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the influenza viruses nucleoprotein family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Biological process	Host-virus interaction
Cellular component	Nucleus Virion
Ligand	RNA-binding Viral nucleoprotein
Molecular function	Ribonucleoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	interspecies interaction between organisms Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Cellular component	nucleus Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW ribonucleoprotein complex Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW virion Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW
Molecular function	RNA binding Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: UniProtKB-KW structural molecule activity Inferred from electronic annotation. Source: InterPro
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view	Feature identifier
Molecule processing
	Chain	1 – 498	498	Nucleoprotein		PRO_0000079066
Regions
	Motif	1 – 18	18	Nuclear localization signal 1 By similarity
	Motif	198 – 216	19	Nuclear localization signal 2 By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	205	1	N → K in AAC40509. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	236	1	K → R in CAC19704. Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	283	1	P → L Ref.1 Ref.3 Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	321	1	N → D in AAC40509. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	322	1	P → S in AAC32094. Ref.3
	Sequence conflict	330	1	W → R in AAC40509. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	377	1	T → S Ref.1 Ref.3 Ref.4
	Sequence conflict	402	1	S → F in AAC40509. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	411	1	T → N in AAC40509. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	418	1	L → F in AAC40509. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	437	1	T → R in AAC40509. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	O92784-1 [UniParc]. Last modified January 24, 2006. Version 2. Checksum: 0D46EEDBC3C6C4D6	FASTA	498	56,268
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MASQGTKRSY EQMETGGERQ NATEIRASVG RMVGGIGRFY IQMCTELKLS DQEGRLIQNS 70 80 90 100 110 120 ITIERMVLSA FDERRNRYLE EHPSAGKDPK KTGGPIYRRR DGKWVRELIL YDKEEIRRIW 130 140 150 160 170 180 RQANNGEDAT AGLTHMMIWH SNLNDATYQR TRALVRTGMD PRMCSLMQGS TLPRRSGAAG 190 200 210 220 230 240 AAIKGVGTMV MELIRMIKRG INDRNFWRGE NGRRTRIAYE RMCNILKGKF QTAAQKAMMD 250 260 270 280 290 300 QVRESRNPGN AEIEDLIFLA RSALILRGSV AHKSCLPACV YGPAVASGYD FEREGYSLVG 310 320 330 340 350 360 IDPFRLLQNS QVFSLIRPKE NPAHKSQLVW MACHSAAFED LRVSSFIRGT RVIPRGQLST 370 380 390 400 410 420 RGVQIASNEN VEAMDSTTLE LRSRYWAIRT RSGGNTNQQR ASAGQISVQP TFSVQRNLPF 430 440 450 460 470 480 ERVTIMAAFK GNTEGRTSDM RTEIIRMMES ARPEDVSFQG RGVFELSDEK ATNPIVPSFD 490 MSNEGSYFFG DNAEEYDN

References

[1]	"Human influenza A H5N1 virus related to a highly pathogenic avian influenza virus." Claas E.C.J., Osterhaus A.D., van Beek R., De Jong J.C., Rimmelzwaan G.F., Senne D.A., Krauss S., Shortridge K.F., Webster R.G. Lancet 351:472-477(1998) [PubMed: 9482438] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[2]	"Characterization of an avian influenza A (H5N1) virus isolated from a child with a fatal respiratory illness." Subbarao K., Klimov A., Katz J., Regnery H., Lim W., Hall H., Perdue M., Swayne D., Bender C., Huang J., Hemphill M., Rowe T., Shaw M., Xu X., Fukuda K., Cox N. Science 279:393-396(1998) [PubMed: 9430591] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA].
[3]	"Comparisons of highly virulent H5N1 influenza A viruses isolated from humans and chickens from Hong Kong." Suarez D.L., Perdue M.L., Cox N., Rowe T., Bender C., Huang J., Swayne D.E. J. Virol. 72:6678-6688(1998) [PubMed: 9658115] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA].
[4]	"H9N2 subtype influenza A viruses in poultry in pakistan are closely related to the H9N2 viruses responsible for human infection in Hong Kong." Cameron K.R., Gregory V., Banks J., Brown I.H., Alexander D.J., Hay A.J., Lin Y.P. Virology 278:36-41(2000) [PubMed: 11112478] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC RNA].

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	AF028710 mRNA. Translation: AAC40509.1. AF036359 Genomic RNA. Translation: AAC34267.1. AF046092 Genomic RNA. Translation: AAC32094.1. AJ291400 Genomic RNA. Translation: CAC19704.1.
3D structure databases
SMR	O92784. Positions 21-489.
ModBase	Search...
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR002141. Flu_NP. [Graphical view]
Pfam	PF00506. Flu_NP. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

NCAP_I97A1

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: O92784
Secondary accession number(s): O89528, Q9DID1, Q9WA98

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	December 6, 2005
Last sequence update:	January 24, 2006
Last modified:	November 25, 2008
This is version 42 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Virus (Virus annotation project)