Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P05187 (PPB1_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Alkaline phosphatase, placental type
    EC=3.1.3.1
Alternative name(s):
    PLAP-1
    Alkaline phosphatase Regan isozyme

Gene names

Name:	ALPP
Synonyms:	PLAP

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	535 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Catalytic activity	A phosphate monoester + H(2)O = an alcohol + phosphate.
Cofactor	Binds 1 magnesium ion By similarity. Binds 2 zinc ions By similarity.
Subunit structure	Homodimer.
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor › GPI-anchor.
Polymorphism	Placental ALP is highly polymorphic, there are at least three common alleles.
Miscellaneous	In most mammals there are four different isozymes: placental, placental-like, intestinal and tissue non-specific (liver/bone/kidney).
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the alkaline phosphatase family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal Transmembrane
Ligand	Magnesium Metal-binding Zinc
Molecular function	Hydrolase
PTM	GPI-anchor Glycoprotein Lipoprotein Phosphoprotein
Technical term	3D-structure Direct protein sequencing
Gene Ontology (GO)
Cellular component	cell surface Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	alkaline phosphatase activity Ref.1 Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

Feature key

Position(s)

Length

Description

Graphical view

Feature identifier

Molecule processing

Signal peptide

1 – 22

22

Chain

23 – 506

484

Alkaline phosphatase, placental type

PRO_0000024031

Propeptide

507 – 535

29

Removed in mature form

PRO_0000024032

Regions

Transmembrane

513 – 529

17

Sites

Active site

114

1

Phosphoserine intermediate

Metal binding

64

1

Magnesium Potential

Metal binding

64

1

Zinc 2 Potential

Metal binding

333

1

Magnesium Potential

Metal binding

338

1

Zinc 1 Potential

Metal binding

342

1

Zinc 1 Potential

Metal binding

379

1

Zinc 2 Potential

Metal binding

380

1

Zinc 2 Potential

Metal binding

454

1

Zinc 1 Potential

Amino acid modifications

Lipidation

506

1

GPI-anchor amidated aspartate

Glycosylation

144

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Glycosylation

271

1

N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential

Disulfide bond

143 ↔ 205

Disulfide bond

489 ↔ 496

Natural variations

Natural variant

25

1

P → L: dbSNP rs1130335.

VAR_017419

Experimental info

Sequence conflict

66

1

M → V in AAA51709. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

89

1

I → L in AAH09647. Ref.5

Sequence conflict

231

1

R → P in AAC97139. Ref.2

Sequence conflict

261 – 262

2

AK → GE in AAA51706. Ref.6

Sequence conflict

263

1

R → H in AAA51709. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

277

1

Q → R in AAA51709. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

285

1

T → A in AAA51709. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

324

1

N → H in AAA51706. Ref.6

Sequence conflict

389

1

Y → C in AAA51709. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

394

1

S → G in AAA51709. Ref.3

Sequence conflict

396 – 397

2

IF → FI in AAA51706. Ref.6

Sequence conflict

401

1

P → A in AAA51706. Ref.6

Sequence conflict

436

1

S → T Ref.8

Secondary structure

1

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535

Helix Strand Turn

Details...

Helix

26 – 29

4

Helix

31 – 47

17

Beta strand

56 – 63

8

Helix

68 – 81

14

Helix

92 – 95

4

Beta strand

97 – 103

7

Beta strand

107 – 111

5

Helix

114 – 123

10

Beta strand

132 – 134

3

Helix

143 – 145

3

Helix

154 – 160

7

Beta strand

164 – 172

9

Helix

176 – 179

4

Turn

180 – 182

3

Helix

193 – 195

3

Helix

198 – 202

5

Helix

208 – 214

7

Beta strand

219 – 224

6

Helix

227 – 229

3

Helix

243 – 245

3

Beta strand

249 – 251

3

Helix

255 – 261

7

Beta strand

266 – 269

4

Helix

272 – 280

9

Beta strand

286 – 290

5

Beta strand

292 – 295

4

Helix

299 – 301

3

Turn

304 – 306

3

Helix

310 – 321

12

Beta strand

328 – 334

7

Helix

337 – 342

6

Helix

346 – 366

21

Turn

369 – 371

3

Beta strand

372 – 379

8

Beta strand

381 – 386

6

Beta strand

411 – 418

8

Helix

433 – 436

4

Beta strand

445 – 447

3

Beta strand

459 – 465

7

Helix

468 – 470

3

Beta strand

473 – 476

4

Helix

479 – 487

9

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P05187-1 [UniParc]. Last modified July 1, 1989. Version 2. Checksum: 13C136679A70C76B	FASTA	535	57,954
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MLGPCMLLLL LLLGLRLQLS LGIIPVEEEN PDFWNREAAE ALGAAKKLQP AQTAAKNLII 70 80 90 100 110 120 FLGDGMGVST VTAARILKGQ KKDKLGPEIP LAMDRFPYVA LSKTYNVDKH VPDSGATATA 130 140 150 160 170 180 YLCGVKGNFQ TIGLSAAARF NQCNTTRGNE VISVMNRAKK AGKSVGVVTT TRVQHASPAG 190 200 210 220 230 240 TYAHTVNRNW YSDADVPASA RQEGCQDIAT QLISNMDIDV ILGGGRKYMF RMGTPDPEYP 250 260 270 280 290 300 DDYSQGGTRL DGKNLVQEWL AKRQGARYVW NRTELMQASL DPSVTHLMGL FEPGDMKYEI 310 320 330 340 350 360 HRDSTLDPSL MEMTEAALRL LSRNPRGFFL FVEGGRIDHG HHESRAYRAL TETIMFDDAI 370 380 390 400 410 420 ERAGQLTSEE DTLSLVTADH SHVFSFGGYP LRGSSIFGLA PGKARDRKAY TVLLYGNGPG 430 440 450 460 470 480 YVLKDGARPD VTESESGSPE YRQQSAVPLD EETHAGEDVA VFARGPQAHL VHGVQEQTFI 490 500 510 520 530 AHVMAFAACL EPYTACDLAP PAGTTDAAHP GRSVVPALLP LLAGTLLLLE TATAP

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"Nucleotide sequence of the human placental alkaline phosphatase gene. Evolution of the 5' flanking region by deletion/substitution." Knoll B.J., Rothblum K.N., Longley M.A. J. Biol. Chem. 263:12020-12027(1988) [PubMed: 3042787] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [GENOMIC DNA].
[2]	"Molecular cloning and sequence analysis of human placental alkaline phosphatase." Millan J.L. J. Biol. Chem. 261:3112-3115(1986) [PubMed: 3512548] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA].
[3]	"Products of two common alleles at the locus for human placental alkaline phosphatase differ by seven amino acids." Henthorn P.S., Knoll B.J., Raducha M., Rothblum K.N., Slaughter C., Weiss M., Lafferty M.A., Fischer T., Harris H. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 83:5597-5601(1986) [PubMed: 3461452] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], PARTIAL PROTEIN SEQUENCE, VARIANT LEU-25.
[4]	"Generation and annotation of the DNA sequences of human chromosomes 2 and 4." Hillier L.W., Graves T.A., Fulton R.S., Fulton L.A., Pepin K.H., Minx P., Wagner-McPherson C., Layman D., Wylie K., Sekhon M., Becker M.C., Fewell G.A., Delehaunty K.D., Miner T.L., Nash W.E., Kremitzki C., Oddy L., Du H. , Sun H., Bradshaw-Cordum H., Ali J., Carter J., Cordes M., Harris A., Isak A., van Brunt A., Nguyen C., Du F., Courtney L., Kalicki J., Ozersky P., Abbott S., Armstrong J., Belter E.A., Caruso L., Cedroni M., Cotton M., Davidson T., Desai A., Elliott G., Erb T., Fronick C., Gaige T., Haakenson W., Haglund K., Holmes A., Harkins R., Kim K., Kruchowski S.S., Strong C.M., Grewal N., Goyea E., Hou S