Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot P25063 (CD24_HUMAN)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Signal transducer CD24
Alternative name(s):
    Small cell lung carcinoma cluster 4 antigen
    CD_antigen=CD24

Gene names

Name:	CD24
Synonyms:	CD24A

Organism

Homo sapiens (Human)

Taxonomic identifier

9606 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo

Protein attributes

Sequence length	80 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	Modulates B-cell activation responses. Signaling could be triggered by the binding of a lectin-like ligand to the CD24 carbohydrates, and transduced by the release of second messengers derived from the GPI-anchor. Promotes AG-dependent proliferation of B-cells, and prevents their terminal differentiation into antibody-forming cells.
Subunit structure	Interacts with LYN and FGR in a cell-type specific manner. Binds FRG in a small cell cancer line, LYN in the erythroleukemia cell line K562 and in Burkitt's lymphoma.
Subcellular location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor › GPI-anchor.
Tissue specificity	B-cells. Expressed in a number of B-cell lines including P32/SH and Nawalwa. Expressed in erythroleukemia cell and small cell lung carcinoma cell lines. Also expressed on the surface of T-cells.
Induction	Expression is lost when primary B-cells are induced to differentiate in antibody-forming cells.
Post-translational modification	Extensively O-glycosylated.
Involvement in disease	Genetic variations in CD24 are involved in multiple sclerosis susceptibility (MS) [MIM:126200]. MS is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the gradual accumulation of focal plaques of demyelination particularly in the periventricular areas of the brain. Peripheral nerves are not affected. Onset usually in third or fourth decade with intermittent progression over an extended period. The cause is still uncertain.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the CD24 family.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Cell membrane Membrane
Coding sequence diversity	Polymorphism
Domain	Signal
PTM	GPI-anchor Glycoprotein Lipoprotein
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	B cell receptor transport into membrane raft Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB T cell costimulation Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB Wnt receptor signaling pathway Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB cell migration Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cell-cell adhesion Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB chemokine receptor transport out of membrane raft Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB cholesterol homeostasis Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB elevation of cytosolic calcium ion concentration Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB immune response-regulating cell surface receptor signaling pathway Ref.7 Inferred by curator. Source: UniProtKB induction of apoptosis by intracellular signals Ref.7 Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB negative regulation of transforming growth factor-beta3 production Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of MAP kinase activity Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB regulation of MAPKKK cascade Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB regulation of cytokine and chemokine mediated signaling pathway Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB regulation of epithelial cell differentiation Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB regulation of phosphorylation Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB respiratory burst Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB response to estrogen stimulus Inferred from expression pattern. Source: UniProtKB response to hypoxia Inferred from expression pattern. Source: UniProtKB response to molecule of bacterial origin Inferred from sequence or structural similarity. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	membrane raft Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	protein kinase binding Ref.6 Inferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB protein tyrosine kinase activator activity Ref.7 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB signal transducer activity Non-traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Complete GO annotation...

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 26	26	Potential
	Peptide	27 – 59	33	Signal transducer CD24
	Propeptide	60 – 80	21	Removed in mature form Potential
Amino acid modifications
	Lipidation	59	1	GPI-anchor amidated glycine Potential
	Glycosylation	36	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
	Glycosylation	52	1	N-linked (GlcNAc...) Potential
Natural variations
	Natural variant	44	1	T → S: dbSNP rs10465460.
	Natural variant	57	1	A → V Increases the risk of MS in the general population; preferentially transmitted to MS-affected family members and resulted in more rapid progression to disability. dbSNP rs8734.
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	12	1	G → W in AAD14170. Ref.5

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	P25063-1 [UniParc]. Last modified April 3, 2007. Version 2. Checksum: DB1988B684DEC62F	FASTA	80	8,097
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGRAMVARLG LGLLLLALLL PTQIYSSETT TGTSSNSSQS TSNTGLAPNP TNATTKAAGG 70 80 ALQSTASLFV VSLSLLHLYS

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"CD24, a signal transducer modulating B cell activation responses, is a very short peptide with a glycosyl phosphatidylinositol membrane anchor." Kay R., Rosten P.M., Humphries R.K. J. Immunol. 147:1412-1416(1991) [PubMed: 1831224] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANT SER-44.
[2]	"CD24, a signal-transducing molecule expressed on human B cells, is a major surface antigen on small cell lung carcinomas." Jackson D., Waibel R., Weber E., Bell J., Stahel R.A. Cancer Res. 52:5264-5270(1992) [PubMed: 1327504] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], VARIANTS SER-44 AND VAL-57.
[3]	"Cloning of human full-length CDSs in BD Creator(TM) system donor vector." Kalnine N., Chen X., Rolfs A., Halleck A., Hines L., Eisenstein S., Koundinya M., Raphael J., Moreira D., Kelley T., LaBaer J., Lin Y., Phelan M., Farmer A. Submitted (MAY-2003) to the EMBL/GenBank/DDBJ databases Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT SER-44.
[4]	"The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)." The MGC Project Team Genome Res. 14:2121-2127(2004) [PubMed: 15489334] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA], VARIANT SER-44. Tissue: Ovary.
[5]	"Mapping of CD24 and homologous sequences to multiple chromosomal loci." Hough M.R., Rosten P.M., Sexton T.L., Kay R., Humphries R.K. Genomics 22:154-161(1994) [PubMed: 7959762] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA] OF 1-76.
[6]	"Association of CD24 with the kinase c-fgr in a small cell lung cancer cell line and with the kinase lyn in an erythroleukemia cell line." Zarn J.A., Zimmermann S.M., Pass M.K., Waibel R., Stahel R.A. Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 225:384-391(1996) [PubMed: 8753773] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH LYN AND FGR, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[7]	"CD24 induces apoptosis in human B cells via the glycolipid-enriched membrane domains/rafts-mediated signaling system." Suzuki T., Kiyokawa N., Taguchi T., Sekino T., Katagiri Y.U., Fujimoto J. J. Immunol. 166:5567-5577(2001) [PubMed: 11313396] [Abstract] Cited for: INTERACTION WITH LYN, FUNCTION.
[8]	"The small cell lung cancer antigen cluster-4 and the leukocyte antigen CD24 are allelic isoforms of the same gene (CD24) on chromosome band 6q21." Zarn J.A., Jackson D.G., Bell M.V., Jones T., Weber E., Sheer D., Waibel R., Stahel R.A. Cytogenet. Cell Genet. 70:119-125(1995) [PubMed: 7736776] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT VAL-57, IDENTIFICATION.
[9]	"CD24 is a genetic modifier for risk and progression of multiple sclerosis." Zhou Q., Rammohan K., Lin S., Robinson N., Li O., Liu X., Bai X.-F., Yin L., Scarberry B., Du P., You M., Guan K., Zheng P., Liu Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 100:15041-15046(2003) [PubMed: 14657362] [Abstract] Cited for: VARIANT VAL-57, TISSUE SPECIFICITY.
[10]	Erratum Zhou Q., Rammohan K., Lin S., Robinson N., Li O., Liu X., Bai X.-F., Yin L., Scarberry B., Du P., You M., Guan K., Zheng P., Liu Y. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 102:8392-8392(2005)

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	M58664 mRNA. Translation: AAA35665.1. L33930 mRNA. Translation: AAB58807.1. X69397 mRNA. Translation: CAA49195.1. BT007404 mRNA. Translation: AAP36068.1. BC064619 mRNA. Translation: AAH64619.1. S75311 mRNA. Translation: AAD14170.1. Different initiation.
PIR	A48996. I56114.
UniGene	Hs.644105 Hs.694721
3D structure databases
ModBase	Search...
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	ENSG00000185275. Homo sapiens. [Contig view]
NMPDR	fig|9606.3.peg.33807.
Organism-specific databases
H-InvDB	HIX0017190.
HGNC	HGNC:1645. CD24.
MIM	126200. phenotype. 600074. gene.
Orphanet	802. Multiple sclerosis.
PharmGKB	PA26202.
GenAtlas	Search...
GeneCards	Search...
GeneLynx	Search...
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	P25063.
HOVERGEN	P25063.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	P25063.
CleanEx	HS_CD24.
GermOnline	ENSG00000185275. Homo sapiens.
Family and domain databases
ProDom	P25063. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
BLOCKS	Search...
Other Resources
SOURCE	Search...
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

CD24_HUMAN

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: P25063
Secondary accession number(s): Q16257, Q53XS0

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	May 1, 1992
Last sequence update:	April 3, 2007
Last modified:	July 22, 2008
This is version 76 of the entry and version 2 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

HPI (Human Proteome Initiative)