Reviewed,
UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q09013 (DMPK_HUMAN)
Last modified
July 22, 2008.
Version 89.
History...
Clusters with 100%,
90%,
50% identity |
Documents (8) |
Third-party data |
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Names and origin
| Protein names | Recommended name: Myotonin-protein kinase EC=2.7.11.1 Alternative name(s): Myotonic dystrophy protein kinase Short name(s)=MDPK DMPK DM-kinase Short name(s)=DMK MT-PK | ||||
| Gene names |
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| Organism | Homo sapiens (Human) | ||||
| Taxonomic identifier | 9606 [NCBI] | ||||
| Taxonomic lineage | Eukaryota › Metazoa › Chordata › Craniata › Vertebrata › Euteleostomi › Mammalia › Eutheria › Euarchontoglires › Primates › Haplorrhini › Catarrhini › Hominidae › Homo |
Protein attributes
| Sequence length | 639 AA. |
| Sequence status | Complete. |
| Sequence processing | The displayed sequence is not processed. |
| Protein existence | Evidence at protein level. |
General annotation (Comments)
| Function | Critical to the modulation of cardiac contractility and to the maintenance of proper cardiac conduction activity. Phosphorylates phospholamban. |
| Catalytic activity | ATP + a protein = ADP + a phosphoprotein. |
| Cofactor | Magnesium. |
| Enzyme regulation | Activated in response to G protein second messengers. Maintained in an inactive conformation by the negative autoregulatory C-terminal coiled-coil region. Coiled-coil mediated oligomerization correlated with enhanced catalytic activity as is proteolytically cleavage near the C-terminus. |
| Tissue specificity | Most isoforms are expressed in many tissues including heart, skeletal muscle, liver and brain, except for isoform 2 which is only found in the heart and skeletal muscle, and isoform 14 which is only found in the brain, with high levels in the striatum, cerebellar cortex and pons. |
| Involvement in disease | Defects in DMPK are the cause of myotonic dystrophy 1 (DM1) [MIM:160900]; also known as Steinert disease. DM is an autosomal dominant neurodegenerative disorder characterized by myotonia, muscle wasting in the distal extremities, cataract, hypogonadism, defective endocrine functions, male baldness, and cardiac arrhythmias. DM patients show decreased levels of kinase expression inversely related to repeat length. The minimum estimated incidence is 1 in 8'000 live births. DM1 is caused by a CTG expansion in the 3'-UTR of the DMPK gene. The repeat length usually increases in successive generations, but not always. |
| Sequence similarities | Belongs to the protein kinase superfamily. AGC Ser/Thr protein kinase family. DMPK subfamily. Contains 1 AGC-kinase C-terminal domain. Contains 1 protein kinase domain. |
| Sequence caution | Ref.6 sequence differs from that shown. Reason: Frameshift at position 632. |
Ontologies
Keywords | |
|---|---|
| Coding sequence diversity | Alternative splicing Polymorphism |
| Disease | Cataract |
| Domain | Coiled coil |
| Ligand | ATP-binding Magnesium Metal-binding Nucleotide-binding |
| Molecular function | Kinase Serine/threonine-protein kinase Transferase |
| PTM | Phosphoprotein |
| Technical term | 3D-structure |
Gene Ontology (GO) | |
| Biological process | protein amino acid phosphorylation Ref.9 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB regulation of heart contraction Ref.11Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB regulation of small GTPase mediated signal transductionInferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB |
| Molecular function | ATP binding Ref.9 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB identical protein bindingInferred from physical interaction. Source: UniProtKB protein serine/threonine kinase activity Ref.9Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB |
| Complete GO annotation... | |
Alternative products
| This entry describes 13 isoforms produced by alternative splicing. [Align] [Select] | |||||
| Isoform 1 (identifier: Q09013-1) This isoform has been chosen as the 'canonical' sequence. All positional information in this entry refers to it. This is also the sequence that appears in the downloadable versions of the entry. | |||||
| Isoform 2 (identifier: Q09013-2) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-99: Missing. | |||||
| Isoform 5 (identifier: Q09013-5) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 236-285: Missing. | |||||
| Isoform 6 (identifier: Q09013-6) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 388-392: Missing. | |||||
| Isoform 7 (identifier: Q09013-7) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 560-589: Missing. | |||||
| Isoform 8 (identifier: Q09013-8) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 544-545: AV → GP 546-639: Missing. | |||||
| Isoform 9 (identifier: Q09013-9) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-63: MGGHFWPPEP...PRFFSPTTPP → MSAEVRLRRL...DKYVADFLQW | |||||
| Isoform 10 (identifier: Q09013-10) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-63: MGGHFWPPEP...PRFFSPTTPP → MSAEVRLRRL...DKYVADFLQW 544-545: AV → GP 546-639: Missing. | |||||
| Isoform 11 (identifier: Q09013-11) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-63: MGGHFWPPEP...PRFFSPTTPP → MSAEVRLRRL...DKYVADFLQW 388-392: Missing. | |||||
| Notes: May be produced at very low levels due to a premature stop codon in the mRNA, leading to nonsense-mediated mRNA decay. | |||||
| Isoform 12 (identifier: Q09013-12) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-63: MGGHFWPPEP...PRFFSPTTPP → MSAEVRLRRL...DKYVADFLQW 388-392: Missing. 544-545: AV → GP 546-639: Missing. | |||||
| Isoform 13 (identifier: Q09013-13) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-51: Missing. 52-63: GDPRFFSPTTPP → PQDKYVADFLQW 388-392: Missing. 566-578: VAVGQCPLVGPGP → WLWASARWWGQA | |||||
| Notes: Incomplete sequence. Ref.7 (AAA64884) sequence differs from that shown due to a frameshift at position 15. | |||||
| Isoform 14 (identifier: Q09013-14) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-538: Missing. 545-575: VTGVPSPRATDPPSHLDGPPAVAVGQCPLVG → RWPPGRGCGPVPAGGARPHAPPPPAAPCQGP 576-639: Missing. | |||||
| Notes: Incomplete sequence. | |||||
| Isoform 15 (identifier: Q09013-15) The sequence of this isoform differs from the canonical sequence as follows: 1-63: MGGHFWPPEP...PRFFSPTTPP → MSAEVRLRRL...DKYVADFLQW 388-392: Missing. 560-639: LDGPPAVAVG...WRRPGAARAP → MAPRPWLWAS...AQEPPALPEP |
Sequence annotation (Features)
| Feature key | Position(s) | Length | Description | Graphical view | ||||||
Molecule processing | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chain | 1 – 639 | 639 | Myotonin-protein kinase | |||||||
Regions | ||||||||||
| Domain | 81 – 349 | 269 | Protein kinase | |||||||
| Domain | 350 – 425 | 76 | AGC-kinase C-terminal | |||||||
| Nucleotide binding | 87 – 95 | 9 | ATP By similarity | |||||||
| Coiled coil | 467 – 546 | 80 | Potential | |||||||
Sites | ||||||||||
| Active site | 205 | 1 | Proton acceptor By similarity | |||||||
| Binding site | 110 | 1 | ATP | |||||||
Amino acid modifications | ||||||||||
| Modified residue | 226 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by autocatalysis By similarity | |||||||
| Modified residue | 238 | 1 | Phosphoserine; by autocatalysis By similarity | |||||||
| Modified residue | 244 | 1 | Phosphothreonine; by autocatalysis By similarity | |||||||
Natural variations | ||||||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 538 | 538 | Missing in isoform 14. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 99 | 99 | Missing in isoform 2. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 63 | 63 | MGGHF…PTTPP → MSAEVRLRRLQQLVLDPGFL GLEPLLDLLLGVHQELGASE LAQDKYVADFLQW in isoform 9, isoform 10, isoform 11, isoform 12 and isoform 15. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 1 – 51 | 51 | Missing in isoform 13. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 52 – 63 | 12 | GDPRF…PTTPP → PQDKYVADFLQW in isoform 13. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 236 – 285 | 50 | Missing in isoform 5. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 388 – 392 | 5 | Missing in isoform 6, isoform 11, isoform 12, isoform 13 and isoform 15. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 544 – 545 | 2 | AV → GP in isoform 8, isoform 10 and isoform 12. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 545 – 575 | 31 | VTGVP…CPLVG → RWPPGRGCGPVPAGGARPHA PPPPAAPCQGP in isoform 14. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 546 – 639 | 94 | Missing in isoform 8, isoform 10 and isoform 12. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 560 – 639 | 80 | LDGPP…AARAP → MAPRPWLWASARWWGQAPCT AATCCSLPGSLGLAYRRRFP CSCSPLFCLVPPPWAALGWW PTPANSPQSGAAQEPPALPE P in isoform 15. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 560 – 589 | 30 | Missing in isoform 7. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 566 – 578 | 13 | VAVGQ…VGPGP → WLWASARWWGQA in isoform 13. | |||||||
| Alternative sequence | 576 – 639 | 64 | Missing in isoform 14. | |||||||
| Natural variant | 438 | 1 | L → V in a lung small cell carcinoma sample; somatic mutation. | |||||||
Experimental info | ||||||||||
| Mutagenesis | 110 | 1 | K → A: Loss of kinase activity | |||||||
| Sequence conflict | 427 | 1 | G → A Ref.6 | |||||||
| Sequence conflict | 433 | 1 | V → L in AAB31800. Ref.1 Ref.5 | |||||||
| Sequence conflict | 484 | 1 | A → P in AAB31800. Ref.5 | |||||||
Secondary structure | ||||||||||
Helix Strand Turn | ||||||||||
| Helix | 478 – 538 | 61 | ||||||||
Sequences
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References
| « Hide 'large scale' references | |
| [1] | "An unstable triplet repeat in a gene related to myotonic muscular dystrophy." Fu Y.-H., Pizzuti A., Fenwick R.G. Jr., King J., Rajnarayan S., Dunne P.W., Dubel J., Nasser G.A., Ashizawa T., de Jong P.J., Wieringa B., Korneluk R., Perryman M.B., Epstein H.F., Caskey C.T. Science 255:1256-1258(1992) [PubMed: 1546326] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA]. |
| [2] | "Decreased expression of myotonin-protein kinase messenger RNA and protein in adult form of myotonic dystrophy." Fu Y.-H., Friedman D.L., Richards S., Pearlman J.A., Gibbs R.A., |

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