Reviewed, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot Q9VLJ6 (ACER_DROME)

Names and origin

Protein names

Recommended name:
    Angiotensin-converting enzyme-related protein
    EC=3.4.15.1

Gene names

Name:	Acer
ORF Names:	CG10593

Organism

Drosophila melanogaster (Fruit fly) [Complete proteome]

Taxonomic identifier

7227 [NCBI]

Taxonomic lineage

Eukaryota › Metazoa › Arthropoda › Hexapoda › Insecta › Pterygota › Neoptera › Endopterygota › Diptera › Brachycera › Muscomorpha › Ephydroidea › Drosophilidae › Drosophila › Sophophora

Protein attributes

Sequence length	630 AA.
Sequence status	Complete.
Sequence processing	The displayed sequence is further processed into a mature form.
Protein existence	Evidence at protein level.

General annotation (Comments)

Function	May be involved in the specific maturation or degradation of a number of bioactive peptides. May have a role in the specification of heart progenitors.
Catalytic activity	Release of a C-terminal dipeptide, oligopeptide-|-Xaa-Yaa, when Xaa is not Pro, and Yaa is neither Asp nor Glu. Thus, conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II, with increase in vasoconstrictor activity, but no action on angiotensin II.
Cofactor	Binds 1 zinc ion per subunit By similarity.
Enzyme regulation	Inhibited by captopril, lisinopril, trandolaprilat, fosinoprilat and enalaprilat.
Subcellular location	Secreted › extracellular space.
Developmental stage	Expressed in presumptive heart cells during dorsal closure.
Post-translational modification	Glycosylated.
Miscellaneous	Flies lacking acer have lethal defective heart morphogenesis. In contrast to ance, does not hydrolyze angiotensin I.
Sequence similarities	Belongs to the peptidase M2 family.
Biophysicochemical properties	Kinetic parameters: KM=1.2 mM for Hip-His-Leu KM=4.35 mM for Hip-His-Leu-NH(2) KM=40.6 µM for (Leu5)enkephalin KM=949 µM for (Leu5)enkephalinamide pH dependence: Optimum pH is 8.6.

Ontologies

Keywords
Cellular component	Secreted
Domain	Signal
Ligand	Metal-binding Zinc
Molecular function	Carboxypeptidase Hydrolase Metalloprotease Protease
PTM	Glycoprotein
Technical term	Complete proteome
Gene Ontology (GO)
Biological process	heart development Ref.6 Inferred from mutant phenotype. Source: UniProtKB proteolysis Traceable author statement. Source: UniProtKB
Cellular component	extracellular region Ref.5 Inferred from direct assay. Source: UniProtKB
Molecular function	peptidyl-dipeptidase A activity Traceable author statement. Source: FlyBase protein binding Inferred from physical interaction. Source: IntAct
Complete GO annotation...

Binary interactions

With	Entry	#Exp.	IntAct	Notes
	Q9VG69	1	EBI-176681,EBI-184553

Sequence annotation (Features)

	Feature key	Position(s)	Length	Description	Graphical view
Molecule processing
	Signal peptide	1 – 22	22	Potential
	Chain	23 – 630	608	Angiotensin-converting enzyme-related protein
Sites
	Active site	376	1	By similarity
	Metal binding	375	1	Zinc (catalytic) By similarity
	Metal binding	379	1	Zinc (catalytic) By similarity
	Metal binding	403	1	Zinc (catalytic) By similarity
Amino acid modifications
	Disulfide bond	142 ↔ 150		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	344 ↔ 362		By similarity
	Disulfide bond	530 ↔ 548		By similarity
Experimental info
	Sequence conflict	236	1	F → L in CAA65632. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	341	1	H → Q in CAA65632. Ref.1
	Sequence conflict	528	1	A → V in CAA65632. Ref.1

Sequences

	Sequence		Length	Mass (Da)
	Q9VLJ6-1 [UniParc]. Last modified May 1, 2000. Version 1. Checksum: 6D9355EB57773289	FASTA	630	73,057
	10 20 30 40 50 60 MGACNITVLL LVIMLWLPHG LSMGNSCSAS VLEARRFFEL ENEQLRRRFH EEFLSGYNYN 70 80 90 100 110 120 TNVTEANRQA MIEVYARNAE LNKRLAQQIK SSDYVQSEDA DIRRQAEHLS KLGASALNAD 130 140 150 160 170 180 DYLALQNAIS SMQTNYATAT VCSYTNRSDC SLTLEPHIQE RLSHSRDPAE LAWYWREWHD 190 200 210 220 230 240 KSGTPMRQNF AEYVRLTRKA SQLNGHRSYA DYWVQFYEDP DFERQLDATF KQLLPFYRQL 250 260 270 280 290 300 HGYVRFRLRQ HYGPDVMPAE GNIPISLLGN MWGQSWNELL DLFTPYPEKP FVDVKAEMEK 310 320 330 340 350 360 QGYTVQKLFE LGDQFFQSLG MRALPPSFWN LSVLTRPDDR HVVCHASAWD FYQDSDVRIK 370 380 390 400 410 420 MCTEVDSHYF YVVHHELGHI QYYLQYEQQP AVYRGAPNPG FHEAVGDVIA LSVMSAKHLK 430 440 450 460 470 480 AIGLIENGRL DEKSRINQLF KQALSKIVFL PFGYAVDKYR YAVFRNELDE SQWNCGFWQM 490 500 510 520 530 540 RSEFGGVEPP VFRTEKDFDP PAKYHIDADV EYLRYFAAHI FQFQFHKALC RKAGQYAPNN 550 560 570 580 590 600 SRLTLDNCDI FGSKAAGRSL SQFLSKGNSR HWKEVLEEFT GETEMDPAAL LEYFEPLYQW 610 620 630 LKQENSRLGV PLGWGPTDKI PSDCCGTFST

References

	« Hide 'large scale' referencesShow 'large scale' references »
[1]	"The Acer gene of Drosophila codes for an angiotensin-converting enzyme homologue." Taylor C.A.M., Coates D., Shirras A.D. Gene 181:191-197(1996) [PubMed: 8973330] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [MRNA], DEVELOPMENTAL STAGE.
[2]	"The genome sequence of Drosophila melanogaster." Adams M.D., Celniker S.E., Holt R.A., Evans C.A., Gocayne J.D., Amanatides P.G., Scherer S.E., Li P.W., Hoskins R.A., Galle R.F., George R.A., Lewis S.E., Richards S., Ashburner M., Henderson S.N., Sutton G.G., Wortman J.R., Yandell M.D. , Zhang Q., Chen L.X., Brandon R.C., Rogers Y.-H.C., Blazej R.G., Champe M., Pfeiffer B.D., Wan K.H., Doyle C., Baxter E.G., Helt G., Nelson C.R., Miklos G.L.G., Abril J.F., Agbayani A., An H.-J., Andrews-Pfannkoch C., Baldwin D., Ballew R.M., Basu A., Baxendale J., Bayraktaroglu L., Beasley E.M., Beeson K.Y., Benos P.V., Berman B.P., Bhandari D., Bolshakov S., Borkova D., Botchan M.R., Bouck J., Brokstein P., Brottier P., Burtis K.C., Busam D.A., Butler H., Cadieu E., Center A., Chandra I., Cherry J.M., Cawley S., Dahlke C., Davenport L.B., Davies P., de Pablos B., Delcher A., Deng Z., Mays A.D., Dew I., Dietz S.M., Dodson K., Doup L.E., Downes M., Dugan-Rocha S., Dunkov B.C., Dunn P., Durbin K.J., Evangelista C.C., Ferraz C., Ferriera S., Fleischmann W., Fosler C., Gabrielian A.E., Garg N.S., Gelbart W.M., Glasser K., Glodek A., Gong F., Gorrell J.H., Gu Z., Guan P., Harris M., Harris N.L., Harvey D.A., Heiman T.J., Hernandez J.R., Houck J., Hostin D., Houston K.A., Howland T.J., Wei M.-H., Ibegwam C., Jalali M., Kalush F., Karpen G.H., Ke Z., Kennison J.A., Ketchum K.A., Kimmel B.E., Kodira C.D., Kraft C.L., Kravitz S., Kulp D., Lai Z., Lasko P., Lei Y., Levitsky A.A., Li J.H., Li Z., Liang Y., Lin X., Liu X., Mattei B., McIntosh T.C., McLeod M.P., McPherson D., Merkulov G., Milshina N.V., Mobarry C., Morris J., Moshrefi A., Mount S.M., Moy M., Murphy B., Murphy L., Muzny D.M., Nelson D.L., Nelson D.R., Nelson K.A., Nixon K., Nusskern D.R., Pacleb J.M., Palazzolo M., Pittman G.S., Pan S., Pollard J., Puri V., Reese M.G., Reinert K., Remington K., Saunders R.D.C., Scheeler F., Shen H., Shue B.C., Siden-Kiamos I., Simpson M., Skupski M.P., Smith T.J., Spier E., Spradling A.C., Stapleton M., Strong R., Sun E., Svirskas R., Tector C., Turner R., Venter E., Wang A.H., Wang X., Wang Z.-Y., Wassarman D.A., Weinstock G.M., Weissenbach J., Williams S.M., Woodage T., Worley K.C., Wu D., Yang S., Yao Q.A., Ye J., Yeh R.-F., Zaveri J.S., Zhan M., Zhang G., Zhao Q., Zheng L., Zheng X.H., Zhong F.N., Zhong W., Zhou X., Zhu S.C., Zhu X., Smith H.O., Gibbs R.A., Myers E.W., Rubin G.M., Venter J.C. Science 287:2185-2195(2000) [PubMed: 10731132] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE GENOMIC DNA]. Strain: Berkeley.
[3]	"Annotation of the Drosophila melanogaster euchromatic genome: a systematic review." Misra S., Crosby M.A., Mungall C.J., Matthews B.B., Campbell K.S., Hradecky P., Huang Y., Kaminker J.S., Millburn G.H., Prochnik S.E., Smith C.D., Tupy J.L., Whitfield E.J., Bayraktaroglu L., Berman B.P., Bettencourt B.R., Celniker S.E., de Grey A.D.N.J. , Drysdale R.A., Harris N.L., Richter J., Russo S., Schroeder A.J., Shu S.Q., Stapleton M., Yamada C., Ashburner M., Gelbart W.M., Rubin G.M., Lewis S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0083.1-RESEARCH0083.22(2002) [PubMed: 12537572] [Abstract] Cited for: GENOME REANNOTATION.
[4]	"A Drosophila full-length cDNA resource." Stapleton M., Carlson J.W., Brokstein P., Yu C., Champe M., George R.A., Guarin H., Kronmiller B., Pacleb J.M., Park S., Wan K.H., Rubin G.M., Celniker S.E. Genome Biol. 3:RESEARCH0080.1-RESEARCH0080.8(2002) [PubMed: 12537569] [Abstract] Cited for: NUCLEOTIDE SEQUENCE [LARGE SCALE MRNA]. Strain: Berkeley. Tissue: Embryo.
[5]	"The Drosophila melanogaster-related angiotensin-I-converting enzymes Acer and Ance -- distinct enzymic characteristics and alternative expression during pupal development." Houard X., Williams T.A., Michaud A., Dani P., Isaac R.E., Shirras A.D., Coates D., Corvol P. Eur. J. Biochem. 257:599-606(1998) [PubMed: 9839949] [Abstract] Cited for: BIOPHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES, GLYCOSYLATION, SUBCELLULAR LOCATION, ENZYME REGULATION.
[6]	"Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 is an essential regulator of heart function." Crackower M.A., Sarao R., Oudit G.Y., Yagil C., Kozieradzki I., Scanga S.E., Oliveira-dos-Santos A.J., da Costa J., Zhang L., Pei Y., Scholey J., Ferrario C.M., Manoukian A.S., Chappell M.C., Backx P.H., Yagil Y., Penninger J.M. Nature 417:822-828(2002) [PubMed: 12075344] [Abstract] Cited for: FUNCTION.

Cross-references

Sequence databases
EMBLGenBankDDBJ	X96913 mRNA. Translation: CAA65632.1. AE014134 Genomic DNA. Translation: AAF52693.1. AY051750 mRNA. Translation: AAK93174.1.
PIR	JC5374.
RefSeq	NP_477195.1.
UniGene	Dm.1852
3D structure databases
HSSP	HSSP built from PDB template 1J37 based on UniProtKB Q10714.
ModBase	Search...
Protein-protein interaction databases
IntAct	Q9VLJ6.
Protein family/group databases
MEROPS	M02.002.
Genome annotation databases
Ensembl	CG10593. Drosophila melanogaster. [Contig view]
GeneID	34189.
KEGG	dme:Dmel_CG10593.
NMPDR	fig|7227.3.peg.1494.
Organism-specific databases
FlyBase	FBgn0016122. Acer.
Phylogenomic databases
HOGENOM	Q9VLJ6.
Gene expression databases
ArrayExpress	Q9VLJ6.
GermOnline	CG10593. Drosophila melanogaster.
Family and domain databases
InterPro	IPR006025. Pept_M_Zn_BS. IPR001548. Peptidase_M2. [Graphical view]
PANTHER	PTHR10514. Peptidase_M2. 1 hit.
Pfam	PF01401. Peptidase_M2. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
PRINTS	PR00791. PEPDIPTASEA.
ProDom	PD004184. Peptidase_M2. 1 hit. [Graphical view] [Entries sharing at least one domain]
PROSITE	PS00142. ZINC_PROTEASE. 1 hit. [Graphical view]
BLOCKS	Search...
Other Resources
ProtoNet	Search...

Entry information

Entry name

ACER_DROME

Accession

Primary (citable) accession number: Q9VLJ6
Secondary accession number(s): Q24222

Entry history

Integrated into UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot:	August 30, 2005
Last sequence update:	May 1, 2000
Last modified:	July 22, 2008
This is version 54 of the entry and version 1 of the sequence. [Complete history]

Entry status

Reviewed (UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot)

Annotation project

Drosophila annotation project